diff --git a/backend/src/common/fdi.spec.ts b/backend/src/common/fdi.spec.ts
index b3128b2..3910963 100644
--- a/backend/src/common/fdi.spec.ts
+++ b/backend/src/common/fdi.spec.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import {
   areArchNeighbors,
+  sortInArchOrder,
   FDI_TOOTH_IDS,
   isFdiTooth,
   sameArch,
@@ -122,4 +123,22 @@ describe('FDI geometry', () => {
       expect(teethBetweenInclusive('99', '14')).toBeNull();
     });
   });
+  describe('sortInArchOrder', () => {
+    it('sorts along the arch rather than lexically', () => {
+      expect(sortInArchOrder(['14', '16', '15'])).toEqual(['16', '15', '14']);
+    });
+
+    it('places 11 beside 21 across the midline', () => {
+      expect(sortInArchOrder(['21', '11', '12'])).toEqual(['12', '11', '21']);
+    });
+
+    it('is a no-op for an empty or single-tooth list', () => {
+      expect(sortInArchOrder([])).toEqual([]);
+      expect(sortInArchOrder(['14'])).toEqual(['14']);
+    });
+
+    it('does not drop teeth it cannot place', () => {
+      expect(sortInArchOrder(['99', '14']).sort()).toEqual(['14', '99']);
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/backend/src/common/fdi.ts b/backend/src/common/fdi.ts
index 0112596..e60ba3c 100644
--- a/backend/src/common/fdi.ts
+++ b/backend/src/common/fdi.ts
@@ -118,3 +118,18 @@ export function toFdi(
   const code = `${quadrant}${position}`;
   return FDI_TOOTH_IDS.has(code) ? code : null;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Sort teeth along the arch, not lexically — a bridge reads 16-15-14, and 11 sits beside
+ * 21 across the midline. Teeth from another arch (or unknown) sort to the end, stably.
+ */
+export function sortInArchOrder(teeth: readonly string[]): string[] {
+  if (teeth.length === 0) return [];
+  const arch = teeth.map((t) => archOrder(t)).find((a) => a !== null) ?? null;
+  if (!arch) return [...teeth];
+  const indexOf = (tooth: string) => {
+    const i = arch.indexOf(tooth);
+    return i === -1 ? Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER : i;
+  };
+  return [...teeth].sort((a, b) => indexOf(a) - indexOf(b));
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/modules/voice/due-date.resolver.spec.ts b/backend/src/modules/voice/due-date.resolver.spec.ts
index 90f7fd7..6b7b5cf 100644
--- a/backend/src/modules/voice/due-date.resolver.spec.ts
+++ b/backend/src/modules/voice/due-date.resolver.spec.ts
@@ -239,6 +239,24 @@ describe('resolveDueDate', () => {
       });
     });
 
+    it('treats an object with no kind as no deadline, not a lost one', () => {
+      // A blank "heard but lost" row in front of a clinician who never mentioned a
+      // deadline is worse than saying nothing.
+      expect(resolveDueDate({} as never, SATURDAY)).toEqual({
+        dueDate: null,
+        unresolved: null,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('flags an unrecognised kind and names it', () => {
+      const result = resolveDueDate({ kind: 'lunar_month' } as never, SATURDAY);
+      expect(result.dueDate).toBeNull();
+      expect(result.unresolved).toEqual({
+        spoken: 'lunar_month',
+        reason: 'invalid_date',
+      });
+    });
+
     it('flags a non-object deadline instead of silently dropping it', () => {
       // A bare string is a deadline we failed to parse, not an absent one — the clinician
       // must see that something was heard and lost.
diff --git a/backend/src/modules/voice/due-date.resolver.ts b/backend/src/modules/voice/due-date.resolver.ts
index e833d8c..7019610 100644
--- a/backend/src/modules/voice/due-date.resolver.ts
+++ b/backend/src/modules/voice/due-date.resolver.ts
@@ -87,8 +87,12 @@ function describe(intent: DueIntent): string {
       return `${intent.jy}/${intent.jm}/${intent.jd}`;
     case 'gregorian':
       return `${intent.y}-${intent.m}-${intent.d}`;
-    default:
-      return '';
+    default: {
+      // Reaching here means an unrecognised `kind`, which resolveDueDate has already
+      // established is a string — echo it so the review row names what was heard.
+      const kind = (intent as { kind?: unknown })?.kind;
+      return typeof kind === 'string' ? kind : '';
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -162,6 +166,12 @@ export function resolveDueDate(
   if (typeof intent !== 'object') {
     return unresolved(String(intent).slice(0, 120));
   }
+  // An object carrying no `kind` at all says nothing about a deadline; flagging it would
+  // put a blank "heard but lost" row in front of a clinician who never mentioned one. An
+  // object with an *unrecognised* kind did try to say something, and is flagged below.
+  if (typeof (intent as { kind?: unknown }).kind !== 'string') {
+    return { dueDate: null, unresolved: null };
+  }
   if (!isRealCivilDate(todayIso)) {
     return unresolved(describe(intent));
   }
diff --git a/backend/src/modules/voice/extraction.resolver.spec.ts b/backend/src/modules/voice/extraction.resolver.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aaecb36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/modules/voice/extraction.resolver.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+import {
+  resolveConnectedSpans,
+  resolveProsthesis,
+  resolveVoiceIntent,
+  type ResolveContext,
+} from './extraction.resolver';
+import type { ToothIntent, VoiceIntent } from './voice.types';
+
+const tooth = (fdi: string, spoken = fdi): ToothIntent => ({
+  kind: 'explicit',
+  fdi,
+  spoken,
+});
+
+const CTX: ResolveContext = {
+  todayIso: '2025-10-11',
+  treatmentTypeCodes: new Set(['restoration', 'prosthesis', 'extraction']),
+  prosthesisTypeCodes: new Set(['monolithic_zirconia', 'pfm_crown']),
+  linkedLabIds: new Set(['lab-sina', 'lab-mehr']),
+};
+
+describe('resolveConnectedSpans', () => {
+  it('selects the teeth between the endpoints, which were never named', () => {
+    // "a bridge from 14 to 16" must select 15 too.
+    const result = resolveConnectedSpans(
+      [{ from: tooth('14'), to: tooth('16') }],
+      [],
+    );
+    expect(result.teeth).toEqual(['14', '15', '16']);
+    expect(result.groups).toEqual([
+      { groupId: 'voice-c1', kind: 'connected', teeth: ['16', '15', '14'] },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('orders group teeth along the arch, not lexically', () => {
+    const result = resolveConnectedSpans(
+      [{ from: tooth('16'), to: tooth('14') }],
+      [],
+    );
+    expect(result.groups[0].teeth).toEqual(['16', '15', '14']);
+  });
+
+  it('spans the midline', () => {
+    const result = resolveConnectedSpans(
+      [{ from: tooth('12'), to: tooth('22') }],
+      [],
+    );
+    expect(result.groups[0].teeth).toEqual(['12', '11', '21', '22']);
+  });
+
+  it('merges overlapping spans into one bridge', () => {
+    const result = resolveConnectedSpans(
+      [
+        { from: tooth('14'), to: tooth('16') },
+        { from: tooth('15'), to: tooth('17') },
+      ],
+      [],
+    );
+    const connected = result.groups.filter((g) => g.kind === 'connected');
+    expect(connected).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(connected[0].teeth).toEqual(['17', '16', '15', '14']);
+  });
+
+  it('gives loose teeth their own single groups', () => {
+    const result = resolveConnectedSpans(
+      [{ from: tooth('14'), to: tooth('15') }],
+      ['26'],
+    );
+    expect(result.groups).toEqual([
+      { groupId: 'voice-c1', kind: 'connected', teeth: ['15', '14'] },
+      { groupId: 'voice-s-26', kind: 'single', teeth: ['26'] },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('never produces a one-tooth connected group', () => {
+    const result = resolveConnectedSpans(
+      [{ from: tooth('14'), to: tooth('14') }],
+      [],
+    );
+    expect(result.groups).toEqual([
+      { groupId: 'voice-s-14', kind: 'single', teeth: ['14'] },
+    ]);
+    expect(result.unresolved).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('reports a cross-arch span rather than guessing', () => {
+    const result = resolveConnectedSpans(
+      [{ from: tooth('14', 'چهارده'), to: tooth('44', 'چهل و چهار') }],
+      [],
+    );
+    expect(result.groups).toEqual([]);
+    expect(result.unresolved).toEqual([
+      { spoken: 'چهارده → چهل و چهار', reason: 'span_not_same_arch' },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('reports a span with an unresolvable endpoint', () => {
+    const result = resolveConnectedSpans(
+      [{ from: tooth('14'), to: tooth('99') }],
+      [],
+    );
+    expect(result.unresolved[0].reason).toBe('malformed');
+  });
+
+  it('survives a non-array', () => {
+    expect(resolveConnectedSpans(undefined as never, ['14']).teeth).toEqual([
+      '14',
+    ]);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('resolveProsthesis', () => {
+  const allowed = CTX.prosthesisTypeCodes;
+
+  it('expands the default across every tooth', () => {
+    const result = resolveProsthesis(
+      { defaultType: 'monolithic_zirconia', overrides: [] },
+      ['14', '15'],
+      allowed,
+    );
+    expect(result.prosthesis?.byTooth).toEqual({
+      '14': 'monolithic_zirconia',
+      '15': 'monolithic_zirconia',
+    });
+    expect(result.prosthesis?.complete).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('applies per-tooth overrides on top of the default', () => {
+    const result = resolveProsthesis(
+      {
+        defaultType: 'monolithic_zirconia',
+        overrides: [{ tooth: tooth('26'), type: 'pfm_crown' }],
+      },
+      ['14', '26'],
+      allowed,
+    );
+    expect(result.prosthesis?.byTooth).toEqual({
+      '14': 'monolithic_zirconia',
+      '26': 'pfm_crown',
+    });
+    expect(result.prosthesis?.complete).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('marks the map incomplete when a tooth ends up untyped', () => {
+    // Unshippable: assertCompleteToothProsthesisMap would reject this at dispatch.
+    const result = resolveProsthesis(
+      {
+        defaultType: null,
+        overrides: [{ tooth: tooth('14'), type: 'pfm_crown' }],
+      },
+      ['14', '15'],
+      allowed,
+    );
+    expect(result.prosthesis?.complete).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.prosthesis?.missingTeeth).toEqual(['15']);
+  });
+
+  it('rejects a catalog code the clinic does not have', () => {
+    const result = resolveProsthesis(
+      { defaultType: 'gold_foil', overrides: [] },
+      ['14'],
+      allowed,
+    );
+    // Nothing usable was said, so there is no prosthesis to show — not an empty one.
+    expect(result.prosthesis).toBeNull();
+    expect(result.unresolved).toEqual([
+      { spoken: 'gold_foil', reason: 'unknown_catalog_code' },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('ignores an override for a tooth that is not selected', () => {
+    const result = resolveProsthesis(
+      {
+        defaultType: 'monolithic_zirconia',
+        overrides: [{ tooth: tooth('37', 'سی و هفت'), type: 'pfm_crown' }],
+      },
+      ['14'],
+      allowed,
+    );
+    expect(result.prosthesis?.byTooth).toEqual({ '14': 'monolithic_zirconia' });
+    expect(result.unresolved).toEqual([
+      { spoken: 'سی و هفت', reason: 'tooth_not_selected' },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('reports no prosthesis at all when the object carries nothing usable', () => {
+    // An empty-but-present map would paint a plain restoration with a fabricated
+    // "incomplete, cannot ship" warning.
+    for (const empty of [{ defaultType: null, overrides: [] }, {} as never]) {
+      expect(
+        resolveProsthesis(empty, ['14', '15'], allowed).prosthesis,
+      ).toBeNull();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('reports no prosthesis when there are no teeth to type', () => {
+    const result = resolveProsthesis(
+      { defaultType: 'monolithic_zirconia', overrides: [] },
+      [],
+      allowed,
+    );
+    expect(result.prosthesis).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('distinguishes a tooth it could not understand from one that is not selected', () => {
+    // Different corrective actions: add the tooth, versus repeat yourself.
+    const result = resolveProsthesis(
+      {
+        defaultType: 'monolithic_zirconia',
+        overrides: [
+          {
+            tooth: { kind: 'explicit', fdi: '99', spoken: 'نود و نه' },
+            type: 'pfm_crown',
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+      ['14'],
+      allowed,
+    );
+    expect(result.unresolved).toEqual([
+      { spoken: 'نود و نه', reason: 'malformed' },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('returns null when no prosthesis was spoken', () => {
+    expect(resolveProsthesis(null, ['14'], allowed).prosthesis).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('resolveVoiceIntent', () => {
+  const base: VoiceIntent = {
+    treatmentType: 'restoration',
+    teeth: [tooth('14'), tooth('15')],
+    connectedSpans: [],
+    comment: '  حساسیت به سرما  ',
+    prosthesis: null,
+    labId: null,
+    labMatchExact: false,
+    due: null,
+  };
+
+  it('composes a plain restoration', () => {
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent(base, CTX);
+    expect(result.treatmentType).toBe('restoration');
+    expect(result.teeth).toEqual(['14', '15']);
+    expect(result.comment).toBe('حساسیت به سرما');
+    expect(result.prosthesis).toBeNull();
+    expect(result.unresolved).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('rejects a treatment type outside the catalog', () => {
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent(
+      { ...base, treatmentType: 'teeth_whitening' },
+      CTX,
+    );
+    expect(result.treatmentType).toBeNull();
+    expect(result.unresolved).toContainEqual({
+      spoken: 'teeth_whitening',
+      reason: 'unknown_catalog_code',
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('drops a lab id the clinic is not linked to', () => {
+    // Shipping to a lab the clinic never named is worse than shipping nowhere.
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent(
+      { ...base, labId: 'lab-elsewhere', labMatchExact: true },
+      CTX,
+    );
+    expect(result.labId).toBeNull();
+    expect(result.labMatchExact).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps a linked lab and its exactness flag', () => {
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent(
+      { ...base, labId: 'lab-sina', labMatchExact: true },
+      CTX,
+    );
+    expect(result.labId).toBe('lab-sina');
+    expect(result.labMatchExact).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('reports a hallucinated lab rather than dropping it silently', () => {
+    // A near-miss lab id must not look identical to "no lab was spoken".
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent({ ...base, labId: 'lab-elsewhere' }, CTX);
+    expect(result.unresolved).toContainEqual({
+      spoken: 'lab-elsewhere',
+      reason: 'unknown_catalog_code',
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('never reports an inexact match as exact when the lab was dropped', () => {
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent(
+      { ...base, labId: null, labMatchExact: true },
+      CTX,
+    );
+    expect(result.labMatchExact).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('applies prosthesis over the span-expanded tooth set', () => {
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent(
+      {
+        ...base,
+        treatmentType: 'prosthesis',
+        teeth: [tooth('14')],
+        connectedSpans: [{ from: tooth('14'), to: tooth('16') }],
+        prosthesis: { defaultType: 'monolithic_zirconia', overrides: [] },
+      },
+      CTX,
+    );
+    // 15 was never spoken but is part of the bridge, so it must carry a type too.
+    expect(result.teeth).toEqual(['14', '15', '16']);
+    expect(result.prosthesis?.complete).toBe(true);
+    expect(Object.keys(result.prosthesis!.byTooth).sort()).toEqual([
+      '14',
+      '15',
+      '16',
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('resolves a due date through the same context', () => {
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent(
+      { ...base, due: { kind: 'weekday', weekday: 'thursday', which: 'this' } },
+      CTX,
+    );
+    expect(result.dueDate).toBe('2025-10-16');
+  });
+
+  it('collects unresolved items from every stage', () => {
+    const result = resolveVoiceIntent(
+      {
+        ...base,
+        treatmentType: 'nope',
+        teeth: [tooth('51', 'شیری')],
+        connectedSpans: [{ from: tooth('14'), to: tooth('44') }],
+        due: { kind: 'jalali', jy: 1404, jm: 12, jd: 30 },
+      },
+      CTX,
+    );
+    const reasons = result.unresolved.map((u) => u.reason).sort();
+    expect(reasons).toEqual([
+      'invalid_date',
+      'not_permanent_tooth',
+      'span_not_same_arch',
+      'unknown_catalog_code',
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('treats an empty comment as absent', () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveVoiceIntent({ ...base, comment: '   ' }, CTX).comment,
+    ).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/backend/src/modules/voice/extraction.resolver.ts b/backend/src/modules/voice/extraction.resolver.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e920475
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/modules/voice/extraction.resolver.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+import {
+  sameArch,
+  sortInArchOrder,
+  teethBetweenInclusive,
+} from '../../common/fdi';
+import { resolveDueDate } from './due-date.resolver';
+import {
+  resolveToothIntent,
+  resolveToothIntents,
+} from './tooth-intent.resolver';
+import type {
+  ConnectedSpanIntent,
+  ProsthesisIntent,
+  ToothIntent,
+  UnresolvedItem,
+  VoiceIntent,
+} from './voice.types';
+
+export type ResolvedToothGroup = {
+  groupId: string;
+  kind: 'connected' | 'single';
+  teeth: string[];
+};
+
+export type ResolvedProsthesis = {
+  /** FDI code → prosthesis type code. */
+  byTooth: Record<string, string>;
+  /**
+   * True when every selected tooth carries a code. A prosthesis detail cannot be shipped
+   * otherwise (`assertCompleteToothProsthesisMap`), so the review sheet surfaces the gap
+   * here rather than letting it fail at dispatch.
+   */
+  complete: boolean;
+  missingTeeth: string[];
+};
+
+export type ResolvedExtraction = {
+  treatmentType: string | null;
+  teeth: string[];
+  toothSelectionGroups: ResolvedToothGroup[];
+  comment: string | null;
+  prosthesis: ResolvedProsthesis | null;
+  labId: string | null;
+  labMatchExact: boolean;
+  dueDate: string | null;
+  unresolved: UnresolvedItem[];
+};
+
+export type ResolveContext = {
+  todayIso: string;
+  treatmentTypeCodes: ReadonlySet<string>;
+  prosthesisTypeCodes: ReadonlySet<string>;
+  linkedLabIds: ReadonlySet<string>;
+};
+
+function spokenOf(intent: ToothIntent): string {
+  const spoken = (intent as { spoken?: unknown })?.spoken;
+  return typeof spoken === 'string' && spoken.trim() ? spoken.trim() : '';
+}
+
+/** A code the model returned is only usable if it exists in the catalog we supplied it. */
+function resolveCatalogCode(
+  value: unknown,
+  allowed: ReadonlySet<string>,
+): string | null {
+  if (typeof value !== 'string') return null;
+  const trimmed = value.trim();
+  return trimmed && allowed.has(trimmed) ? trimmed : null;
+}
+
+/** Merge any span sets that share a tooth, so overlapping bridges become one group. */
+function mergeOverlapping(sets: string[][]): string[][] {
+  const merged: string[][] = [];
+  for (const candidate of sets) {
+    let current = [...candidate];
+    let index = 0;
+    while (index < merged.length) {
+      if (merged[index].some((tooth) => current.includes(tooth))) {
+        current = [...new Set([...merged[index], ...current])];
+        merged.splice(index, 1);
+        index = 0;
+        continue;
+      }
+      index += 1;
+    }
+    merged.push(current);
+  }
+  return merged;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Turn spoken bridge spans plus loose teeth into selection groups.
+ *
+ * Span teeth are added to the selection: saying "a bridge from 14 to 16" selects 15 even
+ * though it was never named. A span whose endpoints are in different arches is impossible
+ * and is reported rather than guessed at. A span that collapses to one tooth degrades to a
+ * single — there is no such thing as a one-tooth bridge.
+ */
+export function resolveConnectedSpans(
+  spans: readonly ConnectedSpanIntent[],
+  selectedTeeth: readonly string[],
+): {
+  groups: ResolvedToothGroup[];
+  teeth: string[];
+  unresolved: UnresolvedItem[];
+} {
+  const unresolved: UnresolvedItem[] = [];
+  const connectedSets: string[][] = [];
+  // A span that collapses to one tooth still selected that tooth — it must not vanish.
+  const loneSpanTeeth: string[] = [];
+  const list: readonly ConnectedSpanIntent[] = Array.isArray(spans)
+    ? (spans as readonly ConnectedSpanIntent[])
+    : [];
+
+  for (const span of list) {
+    const from = resolveToothIntent(span?.from);
+    const to = resolveToothIntent(span?.to);
+    const spoken = [spokenOf(span?.from), spokenOf(span?.to)]
+      .filter(Boolean)
+      .join(' → ');
+
+    if (!from || !to) {
+      unresolved.push({ spoken, reason: 'malformed' });
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (!sameArch(from, to)) {
+      unresolved.push({ spoken, reason: 'span_not_same_arch' });
+      continue;
+    }
+    const between = teethBetweenInclusive(from, to);
+    if (!between || between.length === 0) {
+      unresolved.push({ spoken, reason: 'malformed' });
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (between.length === 1) {
+      loneSpanTeeth.push(between[0]);
+      continue; // degrades to a single, below
+    }
+    connectedSets.push(between);
+  }
+
+  const groups: ResolvedToothGroup[] = [];
+  const claimed = new Set<string>();
+  mergeOverlapping(connectedSets).forEach((set, i) => {
+    const teeth = sortInArchOrder(set);
+    teeth.forEach((tooth) => claimed.add(tooth));
+    groups.push({ groupId: `voice-c${i + 1}`, kind: 'connected', teeth });
+  });
+
+  const spanTeeth = [...groups.flatMap((g) => g.teeth), ...loneSpanTeeth];
+  const singles = [...new Set([...selectedTeeth, ...spanTeeth])]
+    .filter((tooth) => !claimed.has(tooth))
+    .sort();
+  for (const tooth of singles) {
+    groups.push({
+      groupId: `voice-s-${tooth}`,
+      kind: 'single',
+      teeth: [tooth],
+    });
+  }
+
+  return {
+    groups,
+    teeth: [...new Set([...selectedTeeth, ...spanTeeth])].sort(),
+    unresolved,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Expand a default prosthesis type across the selection, then apply per-tooth overrides.
+ *
+ * "همه زیرکونیا، ۲۶ پی‌اف‌ام" is how clinicians actually speak, so the model names the type
+ * once and overrides the exceptions.
+ */
+export function resolveProsthesis(
+  intent: ProsthesisIntent | null | undefined,
+  teeth: readonly string[],
+  allowed: ReadonlySet<string>,
+): { prosthesis: ResolvedProsthesis | null; unresolved: UnresolvedItem[] } {
+  if (!intent || typeof intent !== 'object')
+    return { prosthesis: null, unresolved: [] };
+
+  const unresolved: UnresolvedItem[] = [];
+  const defaultType = resolveCatalogCode(intent.defaultType, allowed);
+  if (intent.defaultType != null && !defaultType) {
+    unresolved.push({
+      spoken: String(intent.defaultType),
+      reason: 'unknown_catalog_code',
+    });
+  }
+
+  const byTooth: Record<string, string> = {};
+  const selected = new Set(teeth);
+  if (defaultType) {
+    for (const tooth of teeth) byTooth[tooth] = defaultType;
+  }
+
+  const overrides: ProsthesisIntent['overrides'] = Array.isArray(
+    intent.overrides,
+  )
+    ? intent.overrides
+    : [];
+  for (const override of overrides) {
+    const tooth = resolveToothIntent(override?.tooth);
+    const type = resolveCatalogCode(override?.type, allowed);
+    const spoken = spokenOf(override?.tooth) || String(override?.type ?? '');
+    if (!tooth) {
+      unresolved.push({ spoken, reason: 'malformed' });
+      continue;
+    }
+    // A tooth we understood perfectly well but which is not part of this detail. Saying
+    // so is actionable ("add tooth 37, or drop it"); calling it malformed is not.
+    if (!selected.has(tooth)) {
+      unresolved.push({ spoken, reason: 'tooth_not_selected' });
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (!type) {
+      unresolved.push({ spoken, reason: 'unknown_catalog_code' });
+      continue;
+    }
+    byTooth[tooth] = type;
+  }
+
+  // Nothing usable was said about prosthesis. Returning an empty-but-present map would
+  // paint a plain restoration with a fabricated "incomplete, cannot ship" warning.
+  if (Object.keys(byTooth).length === 0) {
+    return { prosthesis: null, unresolved };
+  }
+
+  const missingTeeth = teeth.filter((tooth) => !byTooth[tooth]);
+  return {
+    prosthesis: {
+      byTooth,
+      complete: missingTeeth.length === 0,
+      missingTeeth,
+    },
+    unresolved,
+  };
+}
+
+/** Compose every resolver into the payload the review sheet renders. */
+export function resolveVoiceIntent(
+  intent: VoiceIntent,
+  ctx: ResolveContext,
+): ResolvedExtraction {
+  const unresolved: UnresolvedItem[] = [];
+
+  const toothResult = resolveToothIntents(intent?.teeth ?? []);
+  unresolved.push(...toothResult.unresolved);
+
+  const spanResult = resolveConnectedSpans(
+    intent?.connectedSpans ?? [],
+    toothResult.teeth,
+  );
+  unresolved.push(...spanResult.unresolved);
+
+  const treatmentType = resolveCatalogCode(
+    intent?.treatmentType,
+    ctx.treatmentTypeCodes,
+  );
+  if (intent?.treatmentType != null && !treatmentType) {
+    unresolved.push({
+      spoken: String(intent.treatmentType),
+      reason: 'unknown_catalog_code',
+    });
+  }
+
+  const prosthesisResult = resolveProsthesis(
+    intent?.prosthesis,
+    spanResult.teeth,
+    ctx.prosthesisTypeCodes,
+  );
+  unresolved.push(...prosthesisResult.unresolved);
+
+  const due = resolveDueDate(intent?.due, ctx.todayIso);
+  if (due.unresolved) unresolved.push(due.unresolved);
+
+  const comment =
+    typeof intent?.comment === 'string' && intent.comment.trim()
+      ? intent.comment.trim()
+      : null;
+
+  // A lab id the model invented is worse than none — it would ship a case to a lab the
+  // clinic never named. Only ids from the list we supplied survive, and a rejected one is
+  // reported: a hallucinated lab must not look identical to "no lab was spoken".
+  const labId = resolveCatalogCode(intent?.labId, ctx.linkedLabIds);
+  if (intent?.labId != null && !labId) {
+    unresolved.push({
+      spoken: String(intent.labId),
+      reason: 'unknown_catalog_code',
+    });
+  }
+
+  return {
+    treatmentType,
+    teeth: spanResult.teeth,
+    toothSelectionGroups: spanResult.groups,
+    comment,
+    prosthesis: prosthesisResult.prosthesis,
+    labId,
+    labMatchExact: labId ? intent?.labMatchExact === true : false,
+    dueDate: due.dueDate,
+    unresolved,
+  };
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/modules/voice/voice.types.ts b/backend/src/modules/voice/voice.types.ts
index e94abda..fc6ef4a 100644
--- a/backend/src/modules/voice/voice.types.ts
+++ b/backend/src/modules/voice/voice.types.ts
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ export type UnresolvedReason =
   | 'malformed'
   | 'span_not_same_arch'
   | 'unknown_catalog_code'
+  | 'tooth_not_selected'
   | 'invalid_date';
 
 export type UnresolvedItem = {